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LOS ANGELES--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Oct 19, 2023--

Five years ago, scientists managed to recreate what is known as superionic ice, in lab experiments for the first time. Superionic ice is believed to form within Uranus and Neptune as familiar materials are subjected to extreme pressures and heat, with iron atoms forming hot, black, heavy ice. But just last year researchers at several universities in the United States discovered a new phase of superionic ice. The discovery helps broaden our understanding of why Uranus and Neptune have off-kilter magnetic fields with multiple poles. Different to forms of water on Earth, the oxygen atoms in superionic ice are locked in a solid cubic lattice, while the ionised hydrogen atoms are loose, flowing through the lattice. This gives superionic ice conductive properties as well as raising its melting point, meaning the frozen water remains solid at temperatures up to 4704 Degree Celsius (8500 Fahrenheit). In this latest study, Stanford University's Arianna Gleason and colleagues blasted thin slivers of water, sandwiched between two diamond layers, with some extremely powerful lasers. "Recent discoveries of water-rich Neptune-like exoplanets require a more detailed understanding of the phase diagram of [water] at pressure–temperature conditions relevant to their planetary interiors," Gleason and colleagues explain in their paper, from January 2022 X-Ray diffraction revealed the hot, dense ice's crystal structure, and confirmed the ice crystals were in fact a new phase, distinct from the superionic ice that was observed in 2019. This newly discovered superionic ice, Ice XIX, has increased conductivity compared to its 2019 predecessor. The conductivity is important because it helps us understand why certain off-kilter magnetic fields are generated on planets such as Neptune and Uranus. You can read the paper, published in Scientific Reports here. Sign up to our free Indy100 weekly newsletter Have your say in our news democracy. Click the upvote icon at the top of the page to help raise this article through the indy100 rankings.

Finnish telecom giant Nokia said Thursday it would cut up to 14,000 job as profits fell on weakening demand for its...

Vladimir Putin said Russia “will be able to repel” attacks by Ukraine’s new long range weapons supplied by the US, which Kyiv used to launch one of the most damaging attacks on the Kremlin’s air assets since the start of the war. While the Army Tactical Missile System, known as ATACMS, result in an additional threat, the weapon would not change the situation along the 1,500km (932 mile) frontline, Mr Putin told reporters in Beijing. He said his forces will be able to repel attacks by the top-tier missile system. “For Ukraine, in this sense, there’s nothing good… it only prolongs the agony,” the Russian president said during his visit to China. Russian ambassador to the US Anatoly Antonov said that Washington’s decision to provide Ukraine with ATACMS is “reckless” and “a grave mistake” that won’t alter the continuing war’s outcome. On Tuesday, Ukraine said it used the ATACMS to destroy nine Russian helicopters, as well as ammunition, an air defence system and other assets at two airfields in regions occupied by Russia, marking a significant blow to Mr Putin’s military infrastructure. While Russia claimed it is not majorly affected, experts have said ATACMS will shift the battlefield layout to some degree because it will create pressure on Moscow’s forces to disperse its aircraft and ammunition depots parked near the frontline and in the Ukrainian territories it currently occupies. Russia has actively used aircraft to halt Ukraine’s ongoing counteroffensive. For more than 600 days now, Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has continued in stages of slow-grinding warfare and active fighting in eastern and southern fronts on the battlefield. A protracted war of attrition is expected at least through next year as Ukraine seeks to push off every Russian soldier from its territory. Russia and Ukraine are eyeing battlefield advantages alongside consolidating their positions ahead of the three months of slow operations as rain, snow and poor visibility are expected to hamper the movement of tanks. The British defence ministry has said Russian forces are currently trying to push forward in some parts of eastern Ukraine. But these areas are well defended by Ukraine and it is “highly unlikely” the Russians will accomplish their goal of a major breakthrough. Read More Ukraine-Russia war - live: Kremlin warns of ‘grave mistake’ as Kyiv fires American-supplied ATACMS missiles Russian, North Korean foreign ministers meet amid Western suspicions about weapons transfers Ukraine: Rescuers search for survivors after deadly strike in Zaporizhzhia Ukraine has used long-range ATACMS missiles against Russia, Zelensky says Russia threatens US with ‘serious consequences’ after Ukraine fires first long-range ATACMS missiles

It took Poland’s national broadcaster almost 24 hours to suggest that the opposition might form a government after

The Australian Shareholders' Association will vote against the nomination of Qantas Chief Executive Officer Vanessa Hudson as a

Al Roker is partnering with Marisa Renee Lee for an exciting new project

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Exploring NBA player Isaiah Thomas' height in comparison with James LeBron and wife Kayla

Thursday's football transfer rumours include Jadon Sancho, Vinicius Junior, Victor Osimhen, Nicolo Barella & more.

South Africa has retained the same 23 for the Rugby World Cup semifinal against England

LONDON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Oct 19, 2023--